Why India’s ‘build now, decarbonize later’ approach to achieving a net-zero steel industry will fail

Abstract

Driven by its National Steel Policy, India's growth plans position it as the country with the largest steelmaking capacity under development, surpassing even China. This growth reinforces India’s status as the second-largest steel-producing economy, with the emissions-intensive blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace continuing to be the dominant production route for the foreseeable future.